Early-demographic dividend: Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate)

Key figures

Over five years it is up 5.7 percentage points from 44.7% in 2019. Since 1991 it is up 4.29 percentage points from 46.12% in 1991. The World Bank has no value for 20 of the years in between; the chart leaves those gaps open rather than joining across them.

What this measures

Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate is the proportion of female labor force participation relative to male labor force participation. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population ages 15 and older. The labor force is the sum of all persons of working age who are employed and those who are unemployed.

Limitations: Data on the labor force are compiled by the ILO from labor force surveys, censuses, and establishment censuses and surveys. For some countries a combination of these sources is used. Labor force surveys are the most comprehensive source for internationally comparable labor force data. They can cover all non-institutionalized civilians, all branches and sectors of the economy, and all categories of workers, including people holding multiple jobs. By contrast, labor force data from population censuses are often based on a limited number of questions on the economic characteristics of individuals, with little scope to probe.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 14 values

Ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate) in nearby economies

• Algeria — 25.63% (2017)
• Bahrain — 50.08% (2015)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 33.58% (2024)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 20.93% (2024)
• Israel — 90.83% (2025)
• Jordan — 28.64% (2024)
• Kuwait — 56.8% (2016)
• Malta — 79.62% (2025)

More social protection & labor data for Early-demographic dividend

• Net migration — -3.03 million (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of asylum — 8.69 million (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin — 8.41 million (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 24.74% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 47.96% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 36.69% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)

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Questions people ask

What is Early-demographic dividend's ratio of female to male labor force participation rate (%) (national estimate)?

50.41% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1991?

It is up 4.29 percentage points from 46.12% in 1991. The highest value was 53.27% in 2023 and the lowest 41.29% in 2018.

Where does this data come from?

The World Bank's World Development Indicators, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: estimates based on external database; Staff estimates, World Bank (WB).

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.TLF.CACT.FM.NE.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: estimates based on external database; Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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