Early-demographic dividend: Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2023, Early-demographic dividend's out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure) fell 0.09 percentage points on 2022 (from 34.02% to 33.93%).

Across the 22 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2022), the average change was −0.39 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.24 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 1.6 percentage points in 2002 and the biggest yearly fall was 3.05 percentage points in 2017. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2014 to 2023 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.47 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 68% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Share of out-of-pocket payments of total current health expenditures. Out-of-pocket payments are spending on health directly out-of-pocket by households.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 24 values

Out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 77.14% (2023)
• Algeria — 45% (2023)
• Bahrain — 28.66% (2023)
• Djibouti — 28.84% (2023)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 57.2% (2023)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 43.15% (2023)
• Iraq — 53.98% (2023)
• Israel — 20.49% (2023)
• Jordan — 34.47% (2023)

More health data for Early-demographic dividend

• Population ages 00-04, female (% of female population) — 8.7% (2025)
• Population ages 00-04, male (% of male population) — 8.95% (2025)
• Population ages 0-14, female — 469.55 million (2025)
• Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population) — 26.51% (2025)
• Population ages 0-14, male — 497.73 million (2025)
• Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population) — 27.33% (2025)
• Population ages 0-14, total — 967.28 million (2025)
• Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) — 26.92% (2025)

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Questions people ask

What is Early-demographic dividend's out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure)?

33.93% in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2000?

It is down 8.63 percentage points from 42.56% in 2000. The highest value was 45.74% in 2002 and the lowest 32.59% in 2021.

Is the latest change in out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure) unusual for Early-demographic dividend?

In 2023, Early-demographic dividend's out-of-pocket expenditure (% of current health expenditure) fell 0.09 percentage points on 2022 (from 34.02% to 33.93%). Across the 22 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2022), the average change was −0.39 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.24 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SH.XPD.OOPC.CH.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Global Health Expenditure Database, updated December 12th, 2025, World Health Organization (WHO), uri: http://apps.who.int/nha/database Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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