Türkiye's benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) was 5.57% in 2019, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 0.28 percentage points from 5.85% in 2009.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 5.57% | 2019 |
| Five years earlier | 6.49% | 2014 |
| Ten years earlier | 5.85% | 2009 |
| Highest | 6.72% | 2012 |
| Lowest | 3.13% | 2004 |
| Average since 2010 | 6.09% | 2010–2019 |
| First recorded | 3.13% | 2004 |
What the numbers say
In 2019, Türkiye's benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) fell 0.86 percentage points on 2018 (from 6.43% to 5.57%).
Across the 14 yearly changes before that (2005 to 2018), the average change was +0.24 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 0.67 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 1.5 percentage points in 2012 and the biggest yearly fall was 0.88 percentage points in 2015. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2010 to 2019 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 4% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
Closest to Türkiye in the 2019 ranking
What this measures
Benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs (SPL) to poorest quintile shows the percentage of total social protection and labor programs benefits received by the poorest 20% of the population. Social protection and labor programs include social insurance, social safety nets, and unemployment benefits and active labor market programs. Estimates include both direct and indirect beneficiaries.
Limitations: When interpreting ASPIRE performance indicators based on household surveys, it is important to note that the extent to which information on specific transfers and programs is captured in the household surveys can vary a lot across countries. Moreover, household surveys do not capture the universe of social protection programs in the country, in best practice cases just the largest programs. As a consequence, ASPIRE indicators are not fully comparable across program categories and countries; however, they provide approximate measures of social protection systems performance.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 16 values
| Year | Benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) |
|---|---|
| 2019 | 5.57 |
| 2018 | 6.43 |
| 2017 | 6.71 |
| 2016 | 6.09 |
| 2015 | 5.61 |
| 2014 | 6.49 |
| 2013 | 6.5 |
| 2012 | 6.72 |
| 2011 | 5.23 |
| 2010 | 5.58 |
Benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) in nearby economies
More social protection & labor data for Türkiye
- Net migration — -258,205 (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of asylum — 2.39 million (2025)
- Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin — 149,405 (2025)
- Unemployment, female (% of female labor force) (national estimate) — 11.28% (2025)
- Unemployment, male (% of male labor force) (national estimate) — 6.83% (2025)
- Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (national estimate) — 8.35% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 34.78% (2025)
- Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Türkiye's benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits)?
- 5.57% in 2019, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2004?
- It is up 2.44 percentage points from 3.13% in 2004. The highest value was 6.72% in 2012 and the lowest 3.13% in 2004.
- Is the latest change in benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) unusual for Türkiye?
- In 2019, Türkiye's benefit incidence of social protection and labor programs to poorest quintile (% of total SPL benefits) fell 0.86 percentage points on 2018 (from 6.43% to 5.57%). Across the 14 yearly changes before that (2005 to 2018), the average change was +0.24 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 0.67 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator per_allsp.ben_q1_tot, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: ASPIRE: The Atlas of Social Protection - Indicators of Resilience and Equity, World Bank (WB), uri: datatopics.worldbank.org/aspire/, note: Data are based on national representative household surveys. Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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