Rwanda: Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2021, Rwanda's adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$) fell 8.7% on 2020 (from US$8.84 billion to US$8.07 billion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2020), the average change was +7.4% and a typical year strayed about 15.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 40.4% in 1995 and the biggest yearly fall was 53.2% in 1994. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2012 to 2021 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$399.58 million a year. A straight line explains 85% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2021, Rwanda had the 114th highest value of the 135 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Rwanda in the 2021 ranking

• North Macedonia — 110th of 135: US$9.07 billion
• Moldova — 111th of 135: US$8.88 billion
• Mauritania — 112th of 135: US$8.57 billion
• Chad — 114th of 135: US$7.65 billion
• Togo — 115th of 135: US$7.13 billion
• Kyrgyz Republic — 116th of 135: US$5.83 billion

What this measures

Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Limitations: Adjusted net national income differs from the adjustments made in the calculation of adjusted net savings, by not accounting for investments in human capital or the damages from pollution. Thus, adjusted net national income remains within the boundaries of the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (such as land, mineral resources, and forests) within the asset boundary when they are under the effective control of institutional units. The calculation of adjusted net national income, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, as well as consumption of fixed capital, thus remains within the SNA boundaries.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 42 values

Adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$) in nearby economies

• Angola — US$74.66 billion (2021)
• Benin — US$14.12 billion (2021)
• Botswana — US$11.97 billion (2021)
• Burkina Faso — US$12.95 billion (2021)
• Cabo Verde — US$1.51 billion (2021)
• Cameroon — US$32.48 billion (2021)
• Central African Republic — US$1.9 billion (2021)
• Chad — US$7.65 billion (2021)
• Comoros — US$1.02 billion (2021)
• Congo, Dem. Rep.

More economic policy & debt data for Rwanda

• General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$2.47 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 3.52 trillion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$2.46 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant LCU) — 3.28 trillion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 15.06% (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$10.54 billion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 15.06 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Rwanda's adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$)?

US$8.07 billion in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1980?

It is up 577.18% from US$1.19 billion in 1980 (4.78% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$9.17 billion in 2019 and the lowest US$718.83 million in 1994.

How does Rwanda rank?

114th highest of 135 economies with data for 2021.

Is the latest change in adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$) unusual for Rwanda?

In 2021, Rwanda's adjusted net national income (constant 2015 US$) fell 8.7% on 2020 (from US$8.84 billion to US$8.07 billion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2020), the average change was +7.4% and a typical year strayed about 15.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.ADJ.NNTY.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB); The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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