Economic Policy & Debt · Romania
Yearly data from 1990 to 2025, from the World Bank.
Romania's gross national expenditure (current US$) was US$451.17 billion in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 151.56% from US$179.35 billion in 2015 (9.66% a year on average, compounded).
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | US$451.17 billion | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | US$261.7 billion | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | US$179.35 billion | 2015 |
| Highest | US$451.17 billion | 2025 |
| Lowest | US$27.23 billion | 1992 |
| Average since 2016 | US$301.38 billion | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | US$41.86 billion | 1990 |
Over five years it is up 72.4% from US$261.7 billion in 2020 (11.51% a year on average, compounded). Since 1990 it is up 977.71% from US$41.86 billion in 1990 (7.03% a year on average, compounded).
In 2025, Romania's gross national expenditure (current US$) rose 11.2% on 2024 (from US$405.55 billion to US$451.17 billion).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +10% and a typical year strayed about 15.3% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 45.6% in 2007 and the biggest yearly fall was 28.4% in 1991. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$27.17 billion a year. A straight line explains 96% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
In 2025, Romania had the 30th highest value of the 130 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Romania | US$451.17 billion | 2025 |
| World | US$111.01 trillion | 2024 |
| Europe & Central Asia | US$31.37 trillion | 2025 |
| High income | US$71.25 trillion | 2024 |
Gross national expenditure is the sum of household final consumption expenditure, general government final consumption expenditure, and gross capital formation. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.
| Year | Gross national expenditure (current US$) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 451,167,117,772 |
| 2024 | 405,552,235,560 |
| 2023 | 364,749,928,951 |
| 2022 | 315,764,018,343 |
| 2021 | 301,271,464,282 |
| 2020 | 261,700,589,067 |
| 2019 | 260,673,725,939 |
| 2018 | 250,309,225,884 |
| 2017 | 215,374,836,027 |
| 2016 | 187,254,578,076 |
| 2015 | 179,347,684,168 |
| 2014 | 200,564,586,801 |
| 2013 | 191,519,860,622 |
| 2012 | 188,391,326,913 |
| 2011 | 203,792,583,369 |
| 2010 | 181,410,617,074 |
| 2009 | 185,297,697,031 |
| 2008 | 241,885,965,783 |
| 2007 | 199,176,991,695 |
| 2006 | 136,838,848,793 |
| 2005 | 108,585,442,398 |
| 2004 | 81,825,204,058 |
| 2003 | 62,288,724,090 |
| 2002 | 48,683,952,984 |
| 2001 | 43,512,272,034 |
| 2000 | 39,244,414,226 |
| 1999 | 37,624,993,152 |
| 1998 | 44,951,653,864 |
| 1997 | 37,998,225,432 |
| 1996 | 39,842,685,696 |
| 1995 | 39,313,326,251 |
| 1994 | 30,693,617,266 |
| 1993 | 27,671,600,553 |
| 1992 | 27,233,750,000 |
| 1991 | 29,985,600,209 |
| 1990 | 41,863,575,568 |
Every indicator for Romania is on the Romania data page.
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.DAB.TOTL.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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