Romania: Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Romania's employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate) fell 1.08 percentage points on 2024 (from 40.57% to 39.49%).

Across the 29 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2024), the average change was −0.51 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.69 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 2.98 percentage points in 1997 and the biggest yearly fall was 6.27 percentage points in 2002. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.52 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 58% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Romania had the 74th highest value of the 83 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Romania in the 2025 ranking

• Costa Rica — 71st of 83: 40.94%
• Greece — 72nd of 83: 40.64%
• Honduras — 73rd of 83: 40.14%
• Italy — 75th of 83: 38.78%
• North Macedonia — 76th of 83: 38.35%
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 77th of 83: 35.76%

What this measures

Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.

Limitations: Data on employment by status are drawn from labor force surveys and household surveys, supplemented by official estimates and censuses for a small group of countries. The labor force survey is the most comprehensive source for internationally comparable employment, but there are still some limitations for comparing data across countries and over time even within a country. Comparability of employment ratios across countries is affected by variations in definitions of employment and population. The biggest difference results from the age range used to define labor force activity. The population base for employment ratios can also vary.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 32 values

Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate) in nearby economies

• Albania — 52.06% (2024)
• Armenia — 51.48% (2023)
• Austria — 54.11% (2025)
• Azerbaijan — 57.9% (2022)
• Belarus — 64.73% (2025)
• Belgium — 48.72% (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 35.76% (2025)
• Bulgaria — 47.63% (2025)
• Croatia

More social protection & labor data for Romania

• Net migration — -29,041 (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin — 3,130 (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of asylum — 206,671 (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 19.6% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 30.64% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 25.23% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate) — 57.6% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate, male (% of male population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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Questions people ask

What is Romania's employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate)?

39.49% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1992?

It is down 8.09 percentage points from 47.58% in 1992. The highest value was 56.17% in 1997 and the lowest 38.95% in 2021.

How does Romania rank?

74th highest of 83 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate) unusual for Romania?

In 2025, Romania's employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate) fell 1.08 percentage points on 2024 (from 40.57% to 39.49%). Across the 29 yearly changes before that (1996 to 2024), the average change was −0.51 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.69 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.3 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.FE.NE.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: September 28, 2026 Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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