Romania: Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Romania's domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) fell 0.66 percentage points on 2024 (from 22.73% to 22.07%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +0.76 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 3.3 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 10.99 percentage points in 1996 and the biggest yearly fall was 3.68 percentage points in 1999. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.58 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 78% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about 19.94% for 2028. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2023 to 2025 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 1.32%, against 2.54% for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

In 2025, Romania had the 78th highest value of the 100 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Romania in the 2025 ranking

• Burkina Faso — 75th of 100: 22.72%
• Côte d'Ivoire — 76th of 100: 22.68%
• Rwanda — 77th of 100: 22.09%
• Mali — 79th of 100: 20.41%
• Suriname — 80th of 100: 20.27%
• Benin — 81st of 100: 19.78%

What this measures

Domestic credit to private sector refers to financial resources provided to the private sector by financial corporations, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enterprises. The financial corporations include monetary authorities and deposit money banks, as well as other financial corporations where data are available (including corporations that do not accept transferable deposits but do incur such liabilities as time and savings deposits). Examples of other financial corporations are finance and leasing companies, money lenders, insurance corporations, pension funds, and foreign exchange companies. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) which is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period.

Limitations: Credit to the private sector may sometimes include credit to state-owned or partially state-owned enterprises.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 33 values

Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) in nearby economies

• Albania — 36.4% (2025)
• Armenia — 70.54% (2025)
• Austria — 81.77% (2024)
• Azerbaijan — 24.86% (2025)
• Belarus — 29.17% (2021)
• Belgium — 68.14% (2024)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — 50.51% (2025)
• Bulgaria — 47.07% (2024)
• Croatia — 46.86% (2024)
• Cyprus — 56.66% (2024)

More financial sector data for Romania

• Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) — US$4.47 (2025)
• Net domestic credit (current LCU) — 604.19 billion (2025)
• Net foreign assets (current LCU) — 381.24 billion (2025)
• Broad money (current LCU) — 795.42 billion (2025)
• Broad money (annual % growth) — 7.23% (2025)
• Broad money (% of GDP) — 41.51% (2025)
• Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 22.07% (2025)
• Broad money to total reserves ratio — 1.96 (2025)
• DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$) — US$4.47 (2025)
• Claims on private sector (annual growth as % of broad money)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Romania's domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)?

22.07% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1993?

It is up 22.07 percentage points from 0% in 1993. The highest value was 38.29% in 2010 and the lowest 0% in 1993.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FS.AST.PRVT.GD.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF); World Development Indicators Database, World Bank (WB); National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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