Montenegro: Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Montenegro's gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) rose 8% on 2024 (from US$1.56 billion to US$1.69 billion).

Across the 18 yearly changes before that (2007 to 2024), the average change was +7.4% and a typical year strayed about 22.6% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 65.3% in 2007 and the biggest yearly fall was 33.5% in 2009. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$36.36 million a year. A straight line explains 39% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Montenegro had the 111th highest value of the 123 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Montenegro in the 2025 ranking

• Kosovo — 108th of 123: US$2.79 billion
• Namibia — 109th of 123: US$2.53 billion
• Sierra Leone — 110th of 123: US$2.27 billion
• Lesotho — 112th of 123: US$876.02 million
• Gambia, The — 113th of 123: US$845.19 million
• Cabo Verde — 114th of 123: US$558.46 million

What this measures

Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Limitations: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 20 values

Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) in nearby economies

• Albania — US$4.51 billion (2024)
• Armenia — US$5 billion (2025)
• Austria — US$96.05 billion (2025)
• Belarus — US$17.86 billion (2025)
• Belgium — US$126.47 billion (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — US$6.95 billion (2025)
• Bulgaria — US$14.61 billion (2025)
• Croatia — US$16.52 billion (2025)
• Cyprus — US$6.21 billion (2025)
• Czechia — US$64.74 billion (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for Montenegro

• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$651,532 (2021)
• Medium and high-tech manufacturing value added (% manufacturing value added) — 14.86% (2024)
• Adjusted savings, carbon dioxide damage (current US$) — US$105.26 million (2021)
• GDP (current US$) — US$9.23 billion (2025)
• GDP (current LCU) — 8.17 billion (2025)
• GDP, linked series (current LCU) — 8.17 billion (2025)
• GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$5.47 billion (2025)
• GDP (constant LCU) — 4.66 billion (2025)
• GDP, PPP (current international $) — 22.07 billion (2025)
• GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Montenegro's gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$)?

US$1.69 billion in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2006?

It is up 170.1% from US$624.37 million in 2006 (5.37% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$1.69 billion in 2025 and the lowest US$624.37 million in 2006.

How does Montenegro rank?

111th highest of 123 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) unusual for Montenegro?

In 2025, Montenegro's gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) rose 8% on 2024 (from US$1.56 billion to US$1.69 billion). Across the 18 yearly changes before that (2007 to 2024), the average change was +7.4% and a typical year strayed about 22.6% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.TOTL.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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