Mongolia's fertility rate, total (births per woman) was 2.5 in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 19.35% from 3.1 in 2014 (2.13% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 2.5 | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | 3 | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | 3.1 | 2014 |
| Highest | 7.41 | 1966 |
| Lowest | 2 | 2003 |
| Average since 2015 | 2.83 | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | 6.82 | 1960 |
What the numbers say
In 2024, Mongolia's fertility rate, total (births per woman) fell 0.2 on 2023 (from 2.7 to 2.5).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.00667 and a typical year strayed about 0.16 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.3 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 0.3 in 2008 and the biggest yearly fall was 1 in 1993. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.05 a year. A straight line explains 71% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2024, Mongolia had the 78th highest value of the 217 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Mongolia | 2.5 | 2024 |
| World | 2.19 | 2024 |
| East Asia & Pacific | 1.34 | 2024 |
| Upper middle income | 1.52 | 2024 |
Closest to Mongolia in the 2024 ranking
What this measures
Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with age-specific fertility rates of the specified year.
Limitations: Annual data series from United Nations Population Division's World Population Prospects are interpolated data from 5-year period data. Therefore they may not reflect real events as much as observed data.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 65 values
| Year | Fertility rate, total (births per woman) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.5 |
| 2023 | 2.7 |
| 2022 | 2.7 |
| 2021 | 2.8 |
| 2020 | 2.9 |
| 2019 | 3 |
| 2018 | 2.9 |
| 2017 | 2.8 |
| 2016 | 3 |
| 2015 | 3 |
| 2014 |
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) in nearby economies
- American Samoa — 2.27 (2024)
- Australia — 1.48 (2024)
- Brunei Darussalam — 1.73 (2024)
- Cambodia — 2.55 (2024)
- China — 1.01 (2024)
- Fiji — 2.27 (2024)
- French Polynesia — 1.49 (2024)
- Guam — 2.75 (2024)
- Hong Kong SAR, China — 0.84 (2024)
- Indonesia — 2.12 (2024)
- Japan
More health data for Mongolia
- Population ages 00-04, female (% of female population) — 9.13% (2025)
- Population ages 00-04, male (% of male population) — 9.59% (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, female — 547,559 (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population) — 30.58% (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, male — 578,818 (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population) — 32.55% (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, total — 1.13 million (2025)
- Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) — 31.56% (2025)
- Population ages 05-09, female (% of female population) — 10.68% (2025)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Mongolia's fertility rate, total (births per woman)?
- 2.5 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1960?
- It is down 63.33% from 6.82 in 1960 (1.56% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 7.41 in 1966 and the lowest 2 in 2003.
- How does Mongolia rank?
- 78th highest of 217 economies with data for 2024.
- Is the latest change in fertility rate, total (births per woman) unusual for Mongolia?
- In 2024, Mongolia's fertility rate, total (births per woman) fell 0.2 on 2023 (from 2.7 to 2.5). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.00667 and a typical year strayed about 0.16 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.3 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: World Population Prospects, United Nations (UN), publisher: UN Population Division; Statistical databases and publications from national statistical offices, National Statistical Offices (NSOs); Demographic Statistics, Eurostat (ESTAT) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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