Mongolia: Energy imports, net (% of energy use)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Mongolia's energy imports, net (% of energy use) fell 51.45 percentage points on 2023 (from -446.83% to -498.28%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2023), the average change was −15.73 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 68.01 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 108.45 percentage points in 2021 and the biggest yearly fall was 223.76 percentage points in 2023. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 9% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Mongolia had the 135th highest value of the 137 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Mongolia in the 2024 ranking

• Angola — 132nd of 137: -335.46%
• Congo, Rep. — 133rd of 137: -370.83%
• Qatar — 134th of 137: -395.45%
• South Sudan — 136th of 137: -504.02%
• Norway — 137th of 137: -729.01%

What this measures

Net energy imports are estimated as gross imports less gross exports, both measured in tons of oil equivalents (toe). A negative value indicates that the country is a net exporter. Energy use refers to use of primary energy before transformation to other end-use fuels, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport.

Limitations: The IEA makes these estimates in consultation with national statistical offices, oil companies, electric utilities, and national energy experts. The IEA occasionally revises its time series to reflect political changes, and energy statistics undergo continual changes in coverage or methodology as more detailed energy accounts become available. Breaks in series are therefore unavoidable.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 33 values

Energy imports, net (% of energy use) in nearby economies

• Australia — -211.16% (2024)
• Brunei Darussalam — -203.83% (2024)
• China — 24.02% (2024)
• Hong Kong SAR, China — 215.62% (2024)
• Indonesia — -92.85% (2024)
• Japan — 87.28% (2024)
• Korea, Dem. People's Rep. — 5.04% (2024)
• Korea, Rep. — 83.24% (2024)
• Lao PDR — -59.15% (2024)
• Malaysia — 8.48% (2024)

More environment data for Mongolia

• Population in largest city — 1.72 million (2025)
• Population in the largest city (% of urban population) — 67.93% (2025)
• Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million — 1.72 million (2025)
• Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) — 48.33% (2025)
• Rural population — 1.03 million (2025)
• Rural population (% of total population) — 28.85% (2025)
• Urban population — 2.54 million (2025)
• Urban population (% of total population) — 71.15% (2025)
• Rural population growth (annual %) — 0.59% (2025)
• Urban population growth (annual %)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Mongolia's energy imports, net (% of energy use)?

-498.28% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is down 518.41 percentage points from 20.13% in 1990. The highest value was 22.2% in 2004 and the lowest -498.28% in 2024.

How does Mongolia rank?

135th highest of 137 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in energy imports, net (% of energy use) unusual for Mongolia?

In 2024, Mongolia's energy imports, net (% of energy use) fell 51.45 percentage points on 2023 (from -446.83% to -498.28%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1991 to 2023), the average change was −15.73 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 68.01 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.5 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EG.IMP.CONS.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: IEA Energy Statistics Data Browser, International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-tools/energy-statistics-data-browser, publisher: International Energy Agency (IEA), date accessed: 2025-03-25 Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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