Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan: Military expenditure (% of general government expenditure)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan's military expenditure (% of general government expenditure) rose 2.17 percentage points on 2024 (from 16.67% to 18.84%).

Across the 24 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2024), the average change was −0.16 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.21 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.9 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 3.17 percentage points in 2015 and the biggest yearly fall was 2.32 percentage points in 2016. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 6% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Military expenditure expressed as a percentage of general government expenditure

Limitations: SIPRI strives to compile reliable, consistent military expenditure data by assessing multiple sources, but accuracy depends on the quality and transparency of those sources. Challenges arise from two key issues: whether reported figures reflect actual spending and how closely they match SIPRI’s definition. While data is generally accurate in developed and many developing countries, weak governance, corruption, and secret transfers in others can lead to major discrepancies. SIPRI sometimes makes estimates, when sources conflict or lack coverage, introducing uncertainty, especially for countries like China or the UAE.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 26 values

Military expenditure (% of general government expenditure) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 4.97% (2020)
• Algeria — 24.57% (2025)
• Bahrain — 10.8% (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 2.45% (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 11.16% (2025)
• Iraq — 5.53% (2025)
• Israel — 17.83% (2025)
• Jordan — 13.53% (2025)
• Kuwait — 10.09% (2025)

More public sector data for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan

• Arms imports (SIPRI trend indicator values) — 7.81 billion (2025)
• Military expenditure (current USD) — 211.99 billion (2025)
• Military expenditure (% of GDP) — 4.98% (2025)
• Armed forces personnel, total — 4.83 million (2020)
• Armed forces personnel (% of total labor force) — 2.07% (2020)
• CPIA business regulatory environment rating (1=low to 6=high) — 2.4 (2025)
• CPIA debt policy rating (1=low to 6=high) — 1.9 (2025)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan's military expenditure (% of general government expenditure)?

18.84% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 2000?

It is down 1.6 percentage points from 20.43% in 2000. The highest value was 20.43% in 2000 and the lowest 14.51% in 2011.

Is the latest change in military expenditure (% of general government expenditure) unusual for Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan?

In 2025, Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan's military expenditure (% of general government expenditure) rose 2.17 percentage points on 2024 (from 16.67% to 18.84%). Across the 24 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2024), the average change was −0.16 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 1.21 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.9 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator MS.MIL.XPND.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: SIPRI Military Expenditure Database, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), uri: https://www.sipri.org/databases Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

Want to ask your own questions of data like this? Try AnalyzeIt: upload a file or ask about public data in plain words, and every figure comes with its working.