Malaysia: Real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Malaysia's real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100) rose 4.48 on 2024 (from 80.95 to 85.43).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −1.31 and a typical year strayed about 5.3 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 10.07 in 1982 and the biggest yearly fall was 28.05 in 1986. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.61 a year. A straight line explains 43% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Malaysia had the 80th highest value of the 91 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Malaysia in the 2025 ranking

• Grenada — 76th of 91: 87.42
• Sweden — 77th of 91: 87.06
• Ghana — 78th of 91: 86.18
• Chile — 80th of 91: 84.56
• Cyprus — 81st of 91: 84.17
• Zambia — 82nd of 91: 83.44

What this measures

Real effective exchange rate is the nominal effective exchange rate (a measure of the value of a currency against a weighted average of several foreign currencies) divided by a price deflator or index of costs. This indicator is an index series where 2010=100.

Limitations: Because of conceptual and data limitations, changes in real effective exchange rates should be interpreted with caution.

All 47 values

Real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100) in nearby economies

• Australia — 89.97 (2025)
• China — 110.09 (2025)
• Fiji — 107.33 (2025)
• Hong Kong SAR, China — 125.88 (2021)
• Japan — 56.07 (2025)
• Korea, Rep. — 138.98 (2021)
• New Zealand — 102.13 (2025)
• Papua New Guinea — 116.1 (2025)
• Philippines — 112.49 (2025)
• Samoa — 115.71 (2025)

More financial sector data for Malaysia

• Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 117.92% (2025)
• Net domestic credit (current LCU) — 2.96 trillion (2025)
• Net foreign assets (current LCU) — 289.8 billion (2025)
• Monetary sector credit to private sector (% of GDP) — 117.94% (2025)
• Broad money (current LCU) — 2.44 trillion (2025)
• Broad money (% of GDP) — 120.64% (2025)
• Broad money to total reserves ratio — 4.53 (2025)
• Consumer price index (2010 = 100) — 134.6 (2025)
• Inflation, consumer prices (annual % growth) — 1.38% (2025)
• Claims on central government, etc. (% of GDP)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Malaysia's real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100)?

85.43 in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1979?

It is down 47.98% from 164.21 in 1979 (1.41% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 184.05 in 1984 and the lowest 80.02 in 2023.

How does Malaysia rank?

80th highest of 91 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100) unusual for Malaysia?

In 2025, Malaysia's real effective exchange rate index (2010 = 100) rose 4.48 on 2024 (from 80.95 to 85.43). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −1.31 and a typical year strayed about 5.3 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.1 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator PX.REX.REER, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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