Lower middle income: Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Lower middle income's methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) rose 1.1% on 2023 (from 5.23 to 5.29).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +4.7% and a typical year strayed about 3.2% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 14.8% in 2001 and the biggest yearly fall was 5.6% in 1978. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.18 a year. A straight line explains 96% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about 5.71 for 2027. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2022 to 2024 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was 0.3, against 0.47 for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

A measure of annual emissions of methane (CH4), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from industrial combustion (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 code 1.A.2 Manufacturing Industries and Construction. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5).

Limitations: Global GHG emissions are currently not directly measurable, but approaches for their estimation exist, and numerous sources exist to supply data for this indicator. Reputable scientific organizations produce these data for use for research, policy analysis, climate negotiations, and broader public communications. The estimated accuracy from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes are quite high, as quantities of fossil fuels and other emissive materials (such as cement and steel) produced are well known. For these sectors, emissions estimates are roughly accurate to within 10% when aggregated to the global level and between 4% and 35% at the country level (Crippa et al., 2023).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.

All 55 values

Methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 0.0094 (2024)
• Algeria — 0.01 (2024)
• Bahrain — 0.0011 (2024)
• Djibouti — 0.0001 (2024)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 0.07 (2024)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 0.08 (2024)
• Iraq — 0.01 (2024)
• Israel — 0.0036 (2024)
• Jordan

More environment data for Lower middle income

• Population in the largest city (% of urban population) — 17.31% (2025)
• Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) — 18.01% (2025)
• Rural population — 1.71 billion (2025)
• Rural population (% of total population) — 57.99% (2025)
• Urban population — 1.24 billion (2025)
• Urban population (% of total population) — 42.01% (2025)
• Aquaculture production (metric tons) — 19.78 million (2024)
• Capture fisheries production (metric tons) — 19.67 million (2024)
• Total fisheries production (metric tons)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Lower middle income's methane (CH4) emissions from Industrial Combustion (Energy) (Mt CO2e)?

5.29 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1970?

It is up 508.34% from 0.87 in 1970 (3.4% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 5.29 in 2024 and the lowest 0.87 in 1970.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EN.GHG.CH4.IC.MT.CE.AR5, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024; International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://edgar.j… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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