Lower middle income: GNI, PPP (current international $)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Lower middle income's GNI, PPP (current international $) rose 9.1% on 2024 (from 29.1 trillion to 31.76 trillion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +7.6% and a typical year strayed about 2.6% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 13.8% in 2022. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about 1.83 trillion a year. A straight line explains 96% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

This indicator provides values for gross national income (GNI) expressed in current international dollars, converted by purchasing power parities (PPPs). PPPs account for the different price levels across countries and thus PPP-based comparisons of economic output are more appropriate for comparing the output of economies and the average material well-being of their inhabitants than exchange-rate based comparisons. Gross national income is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. The PPP conversion factor is a currency conversion factor and a spatial price deflator.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 36 values

GNI, PPP (current international $) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 95.78 billion (2024)
• Algeria — 864.99 billion (2025)
• Bahrain — 104.83 billion (2025)
• Djibouti — 10.25 billion (2025)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 2.29 trillion (2025)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 1.82 trillion (2025)
• Iraq — 671.97 billion (2025)
• Israel — 595.97 billion (2025)
• Jordan — 143.28 billion (2025)
• Kuwait — 313.63 billion (2024)
• Lebanon

More economic policy & debt data for Lower middle income

• General government final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$877.94 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$770.63 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 12.01% (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current US$) — US$5.35 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$5.26 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure per capita (constant 2015 US$) — US$1,785 (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 73.21% (2025)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Lower middle income's GNI, PPP (current international $)?

31.76 trillion in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is up 1,135% from 2.57 trillion in 1990 (7.45% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 31.76 trillion in 2025 and the lowest 2.57 trillion in 1990.

Is the latest change in GNI, PPP (current international $) unusual for Lower middle income?

In 2025, Lower middle income's GNI, PPP (current international $) rose 9.1% on 2024 (from 29.1 trillion to 31.76 trillion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +7.6% and a typical year strayed about 2.6% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.GNP.MKTP.PP.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Comparison Program (ICP), World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/icp/data, note: This information is for ICP’s PPPs utilized in WDI, publisher: International Comparison Program (ICP), date accessed: May 30, 2024, date published: May 30, 2024; The Eurostat PPP Progr… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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