Lower middle income: Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate)

Key figures

Over five years it is up 9.62 percentage points from 29.48% in 2019. Since 1994 it is up 11.36 percentage points from 27.73% in 1994. The World Bank has no value for 19 of the years in between; the chart leaves those gaps open rather than joining across them.

What this measures

Employment to population ratio is the proportion of a country's population that is employed.

Limitations: Data on employment by status are drawn from labor force surveys and household surveys, supplemented by official estimates and censuses for a small group of countries. The labor force survey is the most comprehensive source for internationally comparable employment, but there are still some limitations for comparing data across countries and over time even within a country. Comparability of employment ratios across countries is affected by variations in definitions of employment and population. The biggest difference results from the age range used to define labor force activity. The population base for employment ratios can also vary.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.

All 12 values

Employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate) in nearby economies

• Algeria — 13.5% (2017)
• Bahrain — 42.01% (2015)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 20.99% (2024)
• Iran, Islamic Rep. — 12.09% (2024)
• Israel — 57.79% (2025)
• Jordan — 13.23% (2024)
• Kuwait — 46.98% (2016)
• Malta — 57.55% (2025)
• Morocco

More social protection & labor data for Lower middle income

• Net migration — -3.12 million (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of asylum — 5.41 million (2025)
• Refugees under the mandate of the UNHCR by country or territory of origin — 3.4 million (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, female (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 27.74% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, male (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 48.95% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate for ages 15-24, total (%) (modeled ILO estimate) — 38.65% (2025)
• Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15-64) (modeled ILO estimate) — 41.67% (2025)

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Questions people ask

What is Lower middle income's employment to population ratio, 15+, female (%) (national estimate)?

39.09% in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1994?

It is up 11.36 percentage points from 27.73% in 1994. The highest value was 39.09% in 2024 and the lowest 20.77% in 2018.

Where does this data come from?

The World Bank's World Development Indicators, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: September 28, 2026.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SL.EMP.TOTL.SP.FE.NE.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Labour Force Statistics database (LFS), International Labour Organization (ILO), uri: https://ilostat.ilo.org/data/bulk/, publisher: ILOSTAT, type: external database, date accessed: September 28, 2026 Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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