Lao PDR's adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) was -2.55% in 2016, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 2.19 percentage points from -0.36% in 2006.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | -2.55% | 2016 |
| Five years earlier | -7.04% | 2011 |
| Ten years earlier | -0.36% | 2006 |
| Highest | 0.08% | 2005 |
| Lowest | -19.66% | 2001 |
| Average since 2007 | -9.41% | 2007–2016 |
| First recorded | -14.6% | 2000 |
What the numbers say
In 2016, Lao PDR's adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) rose 5.78 percentage points on 2015 (from -8.33% to -2.55%).
Across the 15 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2015), the average change was +0.42 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 8.17 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.7 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 19 percentage points in 2002 and the biggest yearly fall was 10.36 percentage points in 2003. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2007 to 2016 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 1% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
What this measures
Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage. This indicator is expressed as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI) which is the total income earned by all residents within an economic territory during an accounting period. It is equal to gross domestic product plus earned income receivable from abroad minus earned income payable abroad.
Limitations: The exercise treats public education expenditures as an addition to savings. However, because of the wide variability in the effectiveness of public education expenditures, these figures cannot be construed as the value of investments in human capital. A current expenditure of $1 on education does not necessarily yield $1 of human capital. The calculation should also consider private education expenditure, but data are not available for a large number of countries. While extensive, the accounting of natural resource depletion and pollution costs still has some gaps.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 17 values
| Year | Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) |
|---|---|
| 2016 | -2.55 |
| 2015 | -8.33 |
| 2014 | -8.54 |
| 2013 | -13.95 |
| 2012 | -15.12 |
| 2011 | -7.04 |
| 2010 | -17.01 |
| 2009 | -6.81 |
| 2008 | -11 |
| 2007 | -3.71 |
| 2006 |
Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) in nearby economies
- Australia — 6.42% (2021)
- Brunei Darussalam — 23.99% (2021)
- Cambodia — 17.34% (2021)
- China — 16.33% (2021)
- Fiji — 4.55% (2020)
- Indonesia — 10.78% (2021)
- Japan — 3.55% (2021)
- Korea, Rep. — 17.71% (2021)
- Malaysia
More economic policy & debt data for Lao PDR
- Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$) — US$347.91 million (2023)
- Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$) — US$90.18 million (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Japan (current US$) — US$41.74 million (2023)
- Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total (current US$) — US$435.39 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$514.84 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$514.84 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$514.84 million (2023)
- Net official development assistance received (constant 2023 US$)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Lao PDR's adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI)?
- -2.55% in 2016, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2000?
- It is up 12.05 percentage points from -14.6% in 2000. The highest value was 0.08% in 2005 and the lowest -19.66% in 2001.
- Is the latest change in adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) unusual for Lao PDR?
- In 2016, Lao PDR's adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (% of GNI) rose 5.78 percentage points on 2015 (from -8.33% to -2.55%). Across the 15 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2015), the average change was +0.42 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 8.17 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.7 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.ADJ.SVNG.GN.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB); The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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