Economic Policy & Debt · Kenya
Yearly data from 1960 to 2025, from the World Bank.
Kenya's gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) was US$20.43 billion in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 31.83% from US$15.5 billion in 2015 (2.8% a year on average, compounded).
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | US$20.43 billion | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | US$17.53 billion | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | US$15.5 billion | 2015 |
| Highest | US$20.43 billion | 2025 |
| Lowest | US$825.61 million | 1962 |
| Average since 2016 | US$17.98 billion | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | US$1.38 billion | 1960 |
Over five years it is up 16.58% from US$17.53 billion in 2020 (3.12% a year on average, compounded). Since 1960 it is up 1,384% from US$1.38 billion in 1960 (4.24% a year on average, compounded).
In 2025, Kenya's gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) rose 5.8% on 2024 (from US$19.31 billion to US$20.43 billion).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +7.1% and a typical year strayed about 9.9% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 49.2% in 1966 and the biggest yearly fall was 35.2% in 1961. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$528.08 million a year. A straight line explains 81% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
In 2025, Kenya had the 55th highest value of the 123 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Kenya | US$20.43 billion | 2025 |
| World | US$26.46 trillion | 2025 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | US$539.1 billion | 2025 |
| Lower middle income | US$2.01 trillion | 2025 |
Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in constant prices, meaning the series has been adjusted to account for price changes over time. The reference year for this adjustment is 2015. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
Limitations: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.
| Year | Gross capital formation (constant 2015 US$) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 20,432,608,286 |
| 2024 | 19,305,837,055 |
| 2023 | 18,278,904,515 |
| 2022 | 19,350,469,988 |
| 2021 | 19,873,921,141 |
| 2020 | 17,526,713,380 |
| 2019 | 17,145,159,071 |
| 2018 | 16,289,740,465 |
| 2017 | 16,679,978,074 |
| 2016 | 14,894,531,991 |
| 2015 | 15,499,001,599 |
| 2014 | 16,158,277,570 |
| 2013 | 13,796,371,250 |
| 2012 | 12,955,005,480 |
| 2011 | 11,454,738,804 |
| 2010 | 11,099,946,009 |
| 2009 | 9,640,227,082 |
| 2008 | 8,677,625,265 |
| 2007 | 7,602,867,043 |
| 2006 | 7,029,373,603 |
| 2005 | 5,346,590,456 |
| 2004 | 4,721,447,835 |
| 2003 | 4,386,840,176 |
| 2002 | 3,987,834,650 |
| 2001 | 5,008,220,812 |
| 2000 | 4,466,782,356 |
| 1999 | 4,019,994,396 |
| 1998 | 4,375,946,096 |
| 1997 | 3,622,974,361 |
| 1996 | 3,337,690,504 |
| 1995 | 3,034,729,963 |
| 1994 | 2,799,459,420 |
| 1993 | 2,566,253,995 |
| 1992 | 2,232,125,460 |
| 1991 | 2,729,551,331 |
| 1990 | 2,961,915,412 |
| 1989 | 3,184,680,517 |
| 1988 | 2,891,663,139 |
| 1987 | 2,841,526,648 |
| 1986 | 2,324,520,394 |
| 1985 | 2,847,263,091 |
| 1984 | 2,223,941,471 |
| 1983 | 2,208,108,896 |
| 1982 | 2,452,022,344 |
| 1981 | 3,172,939,933 |
| 1980 | 3,330,233,322 |
| 1979 | 2,930,173,777 |
| 1978 | 3,880,701,955 |
| 1977 | 3,133,090,795 |
| 1976 | 2,306,469,728 |
| 1975 | 2,060,567,648 |
| 1974 | 3,008,208,486 |
| 1973 | 3,179,383,868 |
| 1972 | 2,628,915,045 |
| 1971 | 2,862,655,871 |
| 1970 | 2,822,921,459 |
| 1969 | 2,049,324,225 |
| 1968 | 1,999,149,494 |
| 1967 | 1,423,669,788 |
| 1966 | 1,333,626,795 |
| 1965 | 893,737,419 |
| 1964 | 830,311,500 |
| 1963 | 986,400,072 |
| 1962 | 825,607,605 |
| 1961 | 892,322,439 |
| 1960 | 1,376,783,917 |
Every indicator for Kenya is on the Kenya data page.
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.TOTL.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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