Jamaica's risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk) was 6.1% in 2022, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 0.9 percentage points from 7% in 2012.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 6.1% | 2022 |
| Five years earlier | 7.1% | 2017 |
| Ten years earlier | 7% | 2012 |
| Highest | 15.3% | 2014 |
| Lowest | 5.9% | 2008 |
| Average since 2013 | 9.75% | 2013–2022 |
| First recorded | 10.5% | 2007 |
What the numbers say
In 2022, Jamaica's risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk) fell 0.4 percentage points on 2021 (from 6.5% to 6.1%).
Across the 14 yearly changes before that (2008 to 2021), the average change was −0.29 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 3.02 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 7.9 percentage points in 2013 and the biggest yearly fall was 4.8 percentage points in 2017. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2013 to 2022 the straight-line trend is downward, about 1.2 percentage points a year. A straight line explains 81% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2022, Jamaica had the 66th highest value of the 109 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Jamaica | 6.1% | 2022 |
| World | 25.53% | 2022 |
| Latin America & Caribbean | 19.42% | 2022 |
| Upper middle income | 13% | 2022 |
Closest to Jamaica in the 2022 ranking
What this measures
The proportion of population at risk of impoverishing expenditure when surgical care is required. Impoverishing expenditure is defined as direct out of pocket payments for surgical and anaesthesia care which drive people below a poverty threshold (using a threshold of $2.15 PPP/day).
Limitations: Prior to 2015, global data on surgery, anesthesia and obstetric care was virtually nonexistent. With the idea that “We can’t manage what we don’t measure”, the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery developed six Surgical, Obstetric and Anesthesia (SAO) indicators and collected data for them. The analysis of these data show large gaps in SAO care across countries by income groups.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 16 values
| Year | Risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk) |
|---|---|
| 2022 | 6.1 |
| 2021 | 6.5 |
| 2020 | 6.7 |
| 2019 | 6.8 |
| 2018 | 7 |
| 2017 | 7.1 |
| 2016 | 11.9 |
| 2015 | 15.2 |
| 2014 | 15.3 |
| 2013 | 14.9 |
| 2012 |
Risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk) in nearby economies
- Argentina — 7.7% (2022)
- Belize — 34.5% (2022)
- Bolivia — 43.5% (2022)
- Brazil — 24.1% (2022)
- Chile — 14.3% (2021)
- Colombia — 25.1% (2022)
- Costa Rica — 10.4% (2022)
- Dominican Republic — 7.5% (2022)
More health data for Jamaica
- Population ages 00-04, female (% of female population) — 5.5% (2025)
- Population ages 00-04, male (% of male population) — 5.83% (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, female — 254,729 (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, female (% of female population) — 17.76% (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, male — 264,030 (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, male (% of male population) — 18.83% (2025)
- Population ages 0-14, total — 518,759 (2025)
- Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) — 18.29% (2025)
- Population ages 05-09, female (% of female population) — 5.79% (2025)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Jamaica's risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk)?
- 6.1% in 2022, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2007?
- It is down 4.4 percentage points from 10.5% in 2007. The highest value was 15.3% in 2014 and the lowest 5.9% in 2008.
- How does Jamaica rank?
- 66th highest of 109 economies with data for 2022.
- Is the latest change in risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk) unusual for Jamaica?
- In 2022, Jamaica's risk of impoverishing expenditure for surgical care (% of people at risk) fell 0.4 percentage points on 2021 (from 6.5% to 6.1%). Across the 14 yearly changes before that (2008 to 2021), the average change was −0.29 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 3.02 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.0 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SH.SGR.IRSK.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Program in Global Surgery and Social Change (PGSSC), Harvard Medical School, uri: https://www.pgssc.org/ Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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