Iran, Islamic Rep.: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Iran, Islamic Rep.'s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) fell 0.3% on 2023 (from 176.17 to 175.71).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +3.4% and a typical year strayed about 6.3% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 23% in 1992 and the biggest yearly fall was 12.5% in 1986. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 5.26 a year. A straight line explains 84% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Iran, Islamic Rep. had the 6th highest value of the 193 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Iran, Islamic Rep. in the 2024 ranking

• United States — 2nd of 193: 557.85
• Russian Federation — 3rd of 193: 249.23
• India — 4th of 193: 210.24
• Germany — 6th of 193: 118.92
• Japan — 7th of 193: 103.8
• Canada — 8th of 193: 89.27

What this measures

A measure of annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the building sector (subsector of the energy sector) including IPCC 2006 codes 1.A.4 Residential and other sectors, 1.A.5 Non-Specified. The measure is standardized to carbon dioxide equivalent values using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) factors of IPCC's 5th Assessment Report (AR5).

Limitations: Global GHG emissions are currently not directly measurable, but approaches for their estimation exist, and numerous sources exist to supply data for this indicator. Reputable scientific organizations produce these data for use for research, policy analysis, climate negotiations, and broader public communications. The estimated accuracy from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes are quite high, as quantities of fossil fuels and other emissive materials (such as cement and steel) produced are well known. For these sectors, emissions estimates are roughly accurate to within 10% when aggregated to the global level and between 4% and 35% at the country level (Crippa et al., 2023).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.

All 55 values

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) in nearby economies

• Afghanistan — 1.14 (2024)
• Algeria — 29.61 (2024)
• Bahrain — 0.26 (2024)
• Djibouti — 0.07 (2024)
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 17.67 (2024)
• Iraq — 10.3 (2024)
• Israel — 2.5 (2024)
• Jordan — 2.98 (2024)
• Kuwait — 1.17 (2024)

More environment data for Iran, Islamic Rep.

• Population in largest city — 9.73 million (2025)
• Population in the largest city (% of urban population) — 13.61% (2025)
• Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million — 23.31 million (2025)
• Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population) — 25.22% (2025)
• Rural population — 20.91 million (2025)
• Rural population (% of total population) — 22.62% (2025)
• Urban population — 71.51 million (2025)
• Urban population (% of total population) — 77.38% (2025)
• Aquaculture production (metric tons)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Iran, Islamic Rep.'s carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e)?

175.71 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1970?

It is up 1,368% from 11.97 in 1970 (5.1% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 176.17 in 2023 and the lowest 11.97 in 1970.

How does Iran, Islamic Rep. rank?

6th highest of 193 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Building (Energy) (Mt CO2e) unusual for Iran, Islamic Rep.?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EN.GHG.CO2.BU.MT.CE.AR5, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024; International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://edgar.j… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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