Indonesia: Net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Indonesia's net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$) rose US$1.35 billion on 2023 (from −US$5.06 billion to −US$3.71 billion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was −US$93.76 million and a typical year strayed about US$5.84 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was US$18.35 billion in 2017 and the biggest yearly fall was US$9.65 billion in 1998. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is downward, about US$1.28 billion a year. A straight line explains 32% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Indonesia had the 75th highest value of the 79 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Indonesia in the 2024 ranking

• Thailand — 72nd of 79: −US$1.86 billion
• Cambodia — 73rd of 79: −US$2.29 billion
• Papua New Guinea — 74th of 79: −US$3 billion
• Kazakhstan — 76th of 79: −US$5.32 billion
• Viet Nam — 77th of 79: −US$5.42 billion
• Brazil — 78th of 79: −US$8.55 billion

What this measures

Private nonguaranteed external debt is an external obligation of a private debtor that is not guaranteed for repayment by a public entity. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Long-term external debt is defined as debt that has an original or extended maturity of more than one year and that is owed to nonresidents by residents of an economy and repayable in currency, goods, or services. Data are in current U.S. dollars.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.

All 55 values

Net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$) in nearby economies

• Cambodia — −US$2.29 billion (2024)
• China — −US$57.95 billion (2024)
• Fiji — US$166.34 million (2024)
• Lao PDR — −US$878.7 million (2024)
• Mongolia — US$2.95 billion (2024)
• Myanmar — US$32.05 million (2024)
• Papua New Guinea — −US$3 billion (2024)
• Philippines — US$1.14 billion (2024)

More economic policy & debt data for Indonesia

• Total reserves, including gold (current US$) — US$156.54 billion (2025)
• Total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) — US$144.53 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 1,794.3 trillion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$) — US$106.29 billion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (constant LCU) — 981.99 trillion (2025)
• General government final consumption expenditure (% of GDP) — 7.53% (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (current LCU) — 13,156.3 trillion (2025)
• Households and NPISHs final consumption expenditure (constant 2015 US$)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Indonesia's net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$)?

−US$3.71 billion in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1970?

It is down 2,872% from US$134 million in 1970. The highest value was US$15.96 billion in 2017 and the lowest −US$5.06 billion in 2023.

How does Indonesia rank?

75th highest of 79 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$) unusual for Indonesia?

In 2024, Indonesia's net flows on external debt, private nonguaranteed (PNG) (NFL, current US$) rose US$1.35 billion on 2023 (from −US$5.06 billion to −US$3.71 billion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was −US$93.76 million and a typical year strayed about US$5.84 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.NFL.DPNG.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB), uri: https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/debt-statistics Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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