India's school enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) was 1.02 in 2021, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 1.65% from 1.03 in 2011 (0.17% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 1.02 | 2021 |
| Five years earlier | 1.04 | 2016 |
| Ten years earlier | 1.03 | 2011 |
| Highest | 1.05 | 2013 |
| Lowest | 0.64 | 1971 |
| Average since 2012 | 1.03 | 2012–2021 |
| First recorded | 0.64 | 1971 |
What the numbers say
In 2021, India's school enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) fell 0.0034 on 2020 (from 1.02 to 1.02).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1987 to 2020), the average change was +0.00951 and a typical year strayed about 0.02 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 0.1 in 2003 and the biggest yearly fall was 0.01 in 1989. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2012 to 2021 the straight-line trend is downward, about 0.00352 a year. A straight line explains 85% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2021, India had the 18th highest value of the 64 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| India | 1.02 | 2021 |
| World | 0.98 | 2020 |
| South Asia | 0.99 | 2020 |
| Lower middle income | 0.99 | 2020 |
Closest to India in the 2021 ranking
- Bangladesh — 14th of 64: 1.02
- Albania — 15th of 64: 1.02
- Burkina Faso — 16th of 64: 1.02
- Saudi Arabia — 18th of 64: 1.01
- Azerbaijan — 19th of 64: 1.01
- China — 20th of 64: 1.01
What this measures
Gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary education is the ratio of girls to boys enrolled at primary level in public and private schools.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 48 values
| Year | School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 1.02 |
| 2020 | 1.02 |
| 2019 | 1.02 |
| 2018 | 1.02 |
| 2017 | 1.03 |
| 2016 | 1.04 |
| 2015 | 1.04 |
| 2014 | 1.04 |
| 2013 | 1.05 |
| 2012 | 1.04 |
| 2011 |
School enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) in nearby economies
- Bangladesh — 1.02 (2021)
- Bhutan — 1.04 (2021)
- Maldives — 1 (2020)
- Nepal — 0.92 (2022)
- Sri Lanka — 1 (2020)
More education data for India
- Primary school starting age (years) — 6 (2025)
- Primary education, duration (years) — 5 (2025)
- Lower secondary school starting age (years) — 11 (2025)
- Secondary education, duration (years) — 7 (2025)
- Primary education, pupils — 126.12 million (2025)
- School enrollment, primary (% gross) — 111.03% (2025)
- School enrollment, primary, female (% gross) — 110.61% (2025)
- School enrollment, primary, male (% gross) — 111.42% (2025)
- Secondary education, pupils — 133.16 million (2025)
- School enrollment, secondary (% gross) — 79.6% (2025)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is India's school enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI)?
- 1.02 in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1971?
- It is up 58.07% from 0.64 in 1971 (0.92% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 1.05 in 2013 and the lowest 0.64 in 1971.
- How does India rank?
- 18th highest of 64 economies with data for 2021.
- Is the latest change in school enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) unusual for India?
- In 2021, India's school enrollment, primary (gross), gender parity index (GPI) fell 0.0034 on 2020 (from 1.02 to 1.02). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1987 to 2020), the average change was +0.00951 and a typical year strayed about 0.02 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator SE.ENR.PRIM.FM.ZS, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Stat Bulk Data Download Service, UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), uri: https://uis.unesco.org/bdds, publisher: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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