Estonia's carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) was 1.78 in 2023, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 297.94% from -0.9 in 2013.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 1.78 | 2023 |
| Five years earlier | 2.95 | 2018 |
| Ten years earlier | -0.9 | 2013 |
| Highest | 2.95 | 2018 |
| Lowest | -5.49 | 2007 |
| Average since 2014 | 1.13 | 2014–2023 |
| First recorded | -3.27 | 2000 |
What the numbers say
In 2023, Estonia's carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) rose 1.93 on 2022 (from -0.15 to 1.78).
Across the 22 yearly changes before that (2001 to 2022), the average change was +0.14 and a typical year strayed about 1.08 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.7 standard deviations above that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 1.93 in 2023 and the biggest yearly fall was 2.28 in 2006. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2014 to 2023 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 2% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2023, Estonia had the 49th highest value of the 183 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 1.78 | 2023 |
| World | -4,221 | 2023 |
| Europe & Central Asia | -1,598 | 2023 |
| High income | -2,816 | 2023 |
Closest to Estonia in the 2023 ranking
- South Sudan — 46th of 183: 2.76
- Congo, Dem. Rep. — 47th of 183: 2.33
- Dominican Republic — 48th of 183: 2.2
- Albania — 50th of 183: 1.35
- Switzerland — 51st of 183: 1.24
- Gambia, The — 52nd of 183: 1.19
What this measures
Net flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) from Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry LULUCF, excluding non-tropical fires at the country level.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.
All 24 values
| Year | Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.78 |
| 2022 | -0.1489 |
| 2021 | 0.5022 |
| 2020 | 0.7951 |
| 2019 | 2.78 |
| 2018 | 2.95 |
| 2017 | 1.21 |
| 2016 | 1.3 |
| 2015 | 0.361 |
| 2014 | -0.2133 |
Carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) in nearby economies
- Albania — 1.35 (2023)
- Andorra — 0.14 (2023)
- Armenia — -0.47 (2023)
- Austria — 7.32 (2023)
- Azerbaijan — -5.21 (2023)
- Belarus — -41.31 (2023)
- Belgium — -0.36 (2023)
- Bosnia and Herzegovina
More environment data for Estonia
- Population in largest city — 457,657 (2025)
- Population in the largest city (% of urban population) — 47.36% (2025)
- Rural population — 400,092 (2025)
- Rural population (% of total population) — 29.28% (2025)
- Urban population — 966,383 (2025)
- Urban population (% of total population) — 70.72% (2025)
- Rural population growth (annual %) — -0.51% (2025)
- Urban population growth (annual %) — -0.4% (2025)
- Agricultural land (sq. km) — 9,820 (2024)
- Surface area (sq. km) — 45,340 (2024)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Estonia's carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e)?
- 1.78 in 2023, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2000?
- It is up 154.47% from -3.27 in 2000. The highest value was 2.95 in 2018 and the lowest -5.49 in 2007.
- How does Estonia rank?
- 49th highest of 183 economies with data for 2023.
- Is the latest change in carbon dioxide (CO2) net fluxes from LULUCF - Total excluding non-tropical fires (Mt CO2e) unusual for Estonia?
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EN.GHG.CO2.LU.MT.CE.AR5, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Carbon fluxes from land 2000–2020: bringing clarity on countries’ reporting, uri: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4643-2022, note: Data available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7190605, publisher: Earth System Science Data (ESSD) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
Want to ask your own questions of data like this? Try AnalyzeIt: upload a file or ask about public data in plain words, and every figure comes with its working.
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