Estonia's adjusted net national income (annual % growth) was 8.79% in 2021, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 1.44 percentage points from 10.23% in 2011.
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | 8.79% | 2021 |
| Five years earlier | 4.54% | 2016 |
| Ten years earlier | 10.23% | 2011 |
| Highest | 12.18% | 2005 |
| Lowest | -13.68% | 2009 |
| Average since 2012 | 3.75% | 2012–2021 |
| First recorded | 7.04% | 2001 |
What the numbers say
In 2021, Estonia's adjusted net national income (annual % growth) rose 13.55 percentage points on 2020 (from -4.76% to 8.79%).
Across the 19 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2020), the average change was −0.62 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 6.08 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 2.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was unusually large compared with the rest of the record.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 13.9 percentage points in 2010 and the biggest yearly fall was 11.79 percentage points in 2008. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2012 to 2021 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 1% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2021, Estonia had the 23rd highest value of the 137 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Estonia | 8.79% | 2021 |
| World | 5.42% | 2021 |
| Europe & Central Asia | 5.62% | 2021 |
| High income | 4.91% | 2021 |
Closest to Estonia in the 2021 ranking
- France — 19th of 137: 9.06%
- Guinea-Bissau — 20th of 137: 9%
- Canada — 21st of 137: 8.8%
- Israel — 23rd of 137: 8.72%
- Bosnia and Herzegovina — 24th of 137: 8.65%
- Moldova — 25th of 137: 8.61%
What this measures
Adjusted net national income is GNI minus consumption of fixed capital and natural resources depletion. This indicator denotes the percentage change over each previous year of the constant price (base year 2015) series in United States dollars.
Limitations: Adjusted net national income differs from the adjustments made in the calculation of adjusted net savings, by not accounting for investments in human capital or the damages from pollution. Thus, adjusted net national income remains within the boundaries of the United Nations System of National Accounts (SNA). The SNA includes non-produced natural assets (such as land, mineral resources, and forests) within the asset boundary when they are under the effective control of institutional units. The calculation of adjusted net national income, which accounts for net forest, energy, and mineral depletion, as well as consumption of fixed capital, thus remains within the SNA boundaries.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average.
All 21 values
| Year | Adjusted net national income (annual % growth) |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 8.79 |
| 2020 | -4.76 |
| 2019 | 3.44 |
| 2018 | 5.06 |
| 2017 | 5.6 |
| 2016 | 4.54 |
| 2015 | 2.16 |
| 2014 | 4.23 |
| 2013 | 3.94 |
| 2012 | 4.46 |
| 2011 |
Adjusted net national income (annual % growth) in nearby economies
More economic policy & debt data for Estonia
- Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 4.76% (2021)
- Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$0 (2021)
- Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$274.52 million (2021)
- Net financial flows, IBRD (NFL, current US$) — US$0 (2016)
- GDP (current LCU) — 41.62 billion (2025)
- GDP, linked series (current LCU) — 41.62 billion (2025)
- GDP (constant 2015 US$) — US$27.72 billion (2025)
- GDP (constant LCU) — 29.11 billion (2025)
- GDP, PPP (current international $) — 71.2 billion (2025)
- GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Estonia's adjusted net national income (annual % growth)?
- 8.79% in 2021, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 2001?
- It is up 1.75 percentage points from 7.04% in 2001. The highest value was 12.18% in 2005 and the lowest -13.68% in 2009.
- How does Estonia rank?
- 23rd highest of 137 economies with data for 2021.
- Is the latest change in adjusted net national income (annual % growth) unusual for Estonia?
- In 2021, Estonia's adjusted net national income (annual % growth) rose 13.55 percentage points on 2020 (from -4.76% to 8.79%). Across the 19 yearly changes before that (2002 to 2020), the average change was −0.62 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 6.08 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 2.3 standard deviations above that average, so it was unusually large compared with the rest of the record.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NY.ADJ.NNTY.KD.ZG, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Staff estimates, World Bank (WB); The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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