Cuba: Gross capital formation (current US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2020, Cuba's gross capital formation (current US$) fell 10.8% on 2019 (from US$11.89 billion to US$10.6 billion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1990 to 2019), the average change was +5.6% and a typical year strayed about 27.9% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 86.3% in 1996 and the biggest yearly fall was 57.5% in 1992. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2011 to 2020 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$716.08 million a year. A straight line explains 85% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

See how every economy compares in the full ranking.

What this measures

Gross capital formation includes acquisitions less disposals of produced assets for purposes of fixed capital formation, inventories or valuables. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Limitations: Because policymakers have tended to focus on fostering the growth of output, and because data on production are easier to collect than data on spending, many countries generate their primary estimate of GDP using the production approach. Moreover, many countries do not estimate all the components of national expenditures but instead derive some of the main aggregates indirectly using GDP (based on the production approach) as the control total. Data on capital formation may be estimated from direct surveys of enterprises and administrative records or based on the commodity flow method using data from production, trade, and construction activities.

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a gap-filled total.

All 51 values

Gross capital formation (current US$) in nearby economies

• Argentina — US$110.07 billion (2025)
• Aruba — US$1.07 billion (2024)
• Bahamas, The — US$4.24 billion (2024)
• Belize — US$633.93 million (2024)
• Bolivia — US$9.85 billion (2024)
• Brazil — US$389.32 billion (2025)
• Chile — US$85.97 billion (2025)
• Colombia — US$76.47 billion (2025)
• Costa Rica — US$16.24 billion (2025)
• Curaçao — US$1.25 billion (2018)
• Dominican Republic

More economic policy & debt data for Cuba

• Grants, excluding technical cooperation (BoP, current US$) — US$139.62 million (2023)
• Technical cooperation grants (BoP, current US$) — US$18.29 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (current US$) — US$167.15 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance and official aid received (constant 2023 US$) — US$167.15 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (current US$) — US$167.15 million (2023)
• Net official development assistance received (constant 2023 US$) — US$167.15 million (2023)
• Net ODA received per capita (current US$) — US$15.17 (2023)
• Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, Total (current US$) — US$92.95 million (2023)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Cuba's gross capital formation (current US$)?

US$10.6 billion in 2020, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1970?

It is up 618.21% from US$1.48 billion in 1970 (4.02% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$12.04 billion in 2018 and the lowest US$1.43 billion in 1993.

Is the latest change in gross capital formation (current US$) unusual for Cuba?

In 2020, Cuba's gross capital formation (current US$) fell 10.8% on 2019 (from US$11.89 billion to US$10.6 billion). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1990 to 2019), the average change was +5.6% and a typical year strayed about 27.9% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.6 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Where does this data come from?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator NE.GDI.TOTL.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: Country official statistics, National Statistical Organizations and/or Central Banks; National Accounts data files, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD); Staff estimates, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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