Economic Policy & Debt · China
Yearly data from 1981 to 2024, from the World Bank.
China's net financial flows, bilateral (NFL, current US$) was −US$253.61 million in 2024, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is down 1,100% from −US$21.13 million in 2014.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | −US$253.61 million | 2024 |
| Five years earlier | −US$1.76 billion | 2019 |
| Ten years earlier | −US$21.13 million | 2014 |
| Highest | US$5.48 billion | 1995 |
| Lowest | −US$4.05 billion | 2017 |
| Average since 2015 | −US$2.04 billion | 2015–2024 |
| First recorded | US$506.33 million | 1981 |
Over five years it is up 85.59% from −US$1.76 billion in 2019. Since 1981 it is down 150.09% from US$506.33 million in 1981.
In 2024, China's net financial flows, bilateral (NFL, current US$) rose US$370.53 million on 2023 (from −US$624.14 million to −US$253.61 million).
Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was −US$108.62 million and a typical year strayed about US$2.14 billion from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was US$5.02 billion in 2011 and the biggest yearly fall was US$3.64 billion in 2015. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$427.55 million a year. A straight line explains 89% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
In 2024, China had the 102nd highest value of the 116 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| China | −US$253.61 million | 2024 |
| Upper middle income | US$1.12 billion | 2024 |
Bilateral debt includes loans from governments and their agencies (including central banks), loans from autonomous bodies, and direct loans from official export credit agencies. Net flows (or net lending or net disbursements) received by the borrower during the year are disbursements minus principal repayments. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a sum.
| Year | Net financial flows, bilateral (NFL, current US$) |
|---|---|
| 2024 | -253,609,948 |
| 2023 | -624,140,134 |
| 2022 | -1,180,281,056 |
| 2021 | -1,066,478,073 |
| 2020 | -1,843,160,612 |
| 2019 | -1,759,471,791 |
| 2018 | -2,081,654,101 |
| 2017 | -4,050,241,173 |
| 2016 | -3,842,356,153 |
| 2015 | -3,665,467,668 |
| 2014 | -21,128,463 |
| 2013 | -3,275,685,147 |
| 2012 | -130,227,722 |
| 2011 | 1,784,523,064 |
| 2010 | -3,234,879,726 |
| 2009 | 247,466,094 |
| 2008 | 581,957,063 |
| 2007 | 253,275,516 |
| 2006 | 849,281,254 |
| 2005 | 1,140,809,119 |
| 2004 | 749,144,366 |
| 2003 | -605,417,841 |
| 2002 | -702,168,879 |
| 2001 | 762,728,670 |
| 2000 | -383,825,456 |
| 1999 | 1,719,850,378 |
| 1998 | 32,370,574 |
| 1997 | 1,930,028,119 |
| 1996 | 2,017,864,041 |
| 1995 | 5,484,310,208 |
| 1994 | 917,137,697 |
| 1993 | 2,634,461,925 |
| 1992 | 1,035,296,645 |
| 1991 | 729,565,658 |
| 1990 | 788,955,231 |
| 1989 | 1,170,569,555 |
| 1988 | 272,475,008 |
| 1987 | 7,750,884 |
| 1986 | 547,125,344 |
| 1985 | 517,938,681 |
| 1984 | 623,069,791 |
| 1983 | 544,815,739 |
| 1982 | 656,429,275 |
| 1981 | 506,326,997 |
Every indicator for China is on the China data page.
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator DT.NFL.BLAT.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Debt Statistics, World Bank (WB) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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