Bulgaria: Total reserves, including gold (current US$)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Bulgaria's total reserves, including gold (current US$) rose 7.9% on 2024 (from US$43.7 billion to US$47.15 billion).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was +16.3% and a typical year strayed about 37.4% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.2 standard deviations below that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 187.6% in 1997 and the biggest yearly fall was 47.1% in 1996. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$2.63 billion a year. A straight line explains 92% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

A straight-line projection, tested first

Extending that straight line gives about US$56.07 billion for 2028. We show this only because the same method, fitted on earlier years, predicted 2023 to 2025 better than "no change" would have: its average miss was US$1.92 billion, against US$4.74 billion for assuming no change. Treat it as a continuation of the recent pattern, not a forecast of events: it cannot see a recession, a policy change or a revision to the data.

See how a linear trend forecast works and the guide on forecasting without fooling yourself.

How it compares

In 2025, Bulgaria had the 51st highest value of the 131 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Bulgaria in the 2025 ranking

• Chile — 48th of 131: US$49.45 billion
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 49th of 131: US$48.88 billion
• Morocco — 50th of 131: US$48.45 billion
• Nigeria — 52nd of 131: US$46.02 billion
• Argentina — 53rd of 131: US$41 billion
• Serbia — 54th of 131: US$34.15 billion

What this measures

Reserve assets are external assets, including monetary gold, that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.

Limitations: Discrepancies may arise in the balance of payments because there is no single source for balance of payments data and therefore no way to ensure that the data are fully consistent. Sources include customs data, monetary accounts of the banking system, external debt records, information provided by enterprises, surveys to estimate service transactions, and foreign exchange records. Differences in collection methods - such as in timing, definitions of residence and ownership, and the exchange rate used to value transactions - contribute to net errors and omissions. In addition, smuggling and other illegal or quasi-legal transactions may be unrecorded or misrecorded.

All 35 values

Total reserves, including gold (current US$) in nearby economies

• Albania — US$8.6 billion (2025)
• Armenia — US$5.09 billion (2025)
• Austria — US$53.44 billion (2025)
• Azerbaijan — US$13.56 billion (2025)
• Belarus — US$14.52 billion (2025)
• Belgium — US$56.39 billion (2025)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina — US$9.42 billion (2024)
• Croatia — US$4.22 billion (2025)
• Cyprus — US$2.95 billion (2025)
• Czechia — US$176.33 billion (2025)

More economic policy & debt data for Bulgaria

• Adjusted savings, education expenditure (% of GNI) — 4.06% (2021)
• Adjusted savings, net forest depletion (current US$) — US$0 (2021)
• Adjusted savings, mineral depletion (current US$) — US$387.76 million (2021)
• Adjusted savings, energy depletion (current US$) — US$46.2 million (2021)
• Trade in services (% of GDP) — 21.44% (2025)
• Communications, computer, etc. (% of service imports, BoP) — 37.95% (2025)
• Primary income payments (BoP, current US$) — US$11.11 billion (2025)
• Imports of goods and services (current US$, BoP) — US$67.93 billion (2025)
• Goods imports (current US$, BoP) — US$58.51 billion (2025)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Bulgaria's total reserves, including gold (current US$)?

US$47.15 billion in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1991?

It is up 6,934% from US$670.21 million in 1991 (13.33% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$47.15 billion in 2025 and the lowest US$670.21 million in 1991.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FI.RES.TOTL.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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