Brunei Darussalam's total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) was US$4.85 billion in 2025, the latest year in the World Bank's World Development Indicators. That is up 51.03% from US$3.21 billion in 2015 (4.21% a year on average, compounded).
Key figures
| Value | Year | |
|---|---|---|
| Latest | US$4.85 billion | 2025 |
| Five years earlier | US$3.72 billion | 2020 |
| Ten years earlier | US$3.21 billion | 2015 |
| Highest | US$4.85 billion | 2025 |
| Lowest | US$381.82 million | 2001 |
| Average since 2016 | US$4.02 billion | 2016–2025 |
| First recorded | US$516.85 million |
What the numbers say
In 2025, Brunei Darussalam's total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) rose 20.3% on 2024 (from US$4.03 billion to US$4.85 billion).
Across the 25 yearly changes before that (2000 to 2024), the average change was +10.5% and a typical year strayed about 22.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
On record, the biggest yearly rise was 80.7% in 2009 and the biggest yearly fall was 21% in 2000. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.
From 2016 to 2025 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$162.65 million a year. A straight line explains 62% of the movement over 10 observed years.
Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.
How it compares
In 2025, Brunei Darussalam had the 90th highest value of the 131 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.
Closest to Brunei Darussalam in the 2025 ranking
- Georgia — 87th of 131: US$5.15 billion
- Trinidad and Tobago — 88th of 131: US$5.1 billion
- Armenia — 89th of 131: US$5.09 billion
- North Macedonia — 91st of 131: US$4.84 billion
- Bahrain — 92nd of 131: US$4.61 billion
- El Salvador — 93rd of 131: US$4.56 billion
What this measures
This series includes external assets (excluding monetary gold) that are readily available to and controlled by monetary authorities for meeting balance of payments financing needs, for intervention in exchange markets to affect the currency exchange rate, and for other related purposes (such as maintaining confidence in the currency and the economy, and serving as a basis for foreign borrowing). Reserve assets must be denominated and settled in foreign currency. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. This indicator is expressed in United States dollars.
All 27 values
| Year | Total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 4,849,952,496 |
| 2024 | 4,032,248,416 |
| 2023 | 4,181,486,854 |
| 2022 | 4,770,778,313 |
| 2021 | 4,717,077,820 |
| 2020 | 3,721,321,940 |
| 2019 | 4,051,939,715 |
| 2018 | 3,220,619,855 |
| 2017 | 3,299,647,425 |
| 2016 | 3,321,823,469 |
Total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) in nearby economies
- Australia — US$62.12 billion (2025)
- Cambodia — US$19.88 billion (2025)
- China — US$3.42 trillion (2025)
- Fiji — US$1.65 billion (2025)
- Hong Kong SAR, China — US$425.42 billion (2023)
- Indonesia — US$144.53 billion (2025)
- Japan — US$1.25 trillion (2025)
- Korea, Rep. — US$421.91 billion (2025)
- Lao PDR — US$3.71 billion (2025)
- Macao SAR, China
More economic policy & debt data for Brunei Darussalam
- GDP (current US$) — US$15.03 billion (2025)
- GDP (current LCU) — 19.66 billion (2025)
- GDP per capita (current US$) — US$32,235 (2025)
- GDP per capita (current LCU) — 42,150 (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) — US$61.81 million (2025)
- Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) — 0.41% (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current US$) — US$177.58 million (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (current LCU) — 232.21 million (2025)
- Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (constant 2015 US$)
Reading data like this
Questions people ask
- What is Brunei Darussalam's total reserves, excluding gold (current US$)?
- US$4.85 billion in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).
- How has it changed since 1999?
- It is up 838.38% from US$516.85 million in 1999 (8.99% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$4.85 billion in 2025 and the lowest US$381.82 million in 2001.
- How does Brunei Darussalam rank?
- 90th highest of 131 economies with data for 2025.
- Is the latest change in total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) unusual for Brunei Darussalam?
- In 2025, Brunei Darussalam's total reserves, excluding gold (current US$) rose 20.3% on 2024 (from US$4.03 billion to US$4.85 billion). Across the 25 yearly changes before that (2000 to 2024), the average change was +10.5% and a typical year strayed about 22.5% from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.
Source
World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FI.RES.XGLD.CD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.
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