Brunei Darussalam: Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Brunei Darussalam's carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP) fell US$0.05 on 2023 (from US$0.74 to US$0.68).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +US$0.00846 and a typical year strayed about US$0.06 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was US$0.18 in 2020 and the biggest yearly fall was US$0.07 in 1979. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about US$0.02 a year. A straight line explains 54% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Brunei Darussalam had the 33rd highest value of the 191 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Brunei Darussalam in the 2024 ranking

• Saudi Arabia — 30th of 191: US$0.74
• China — 31st of 191: US$0.71
• Malaysia — 32nd of 191: US$0.7
• Indonesia — 34th of 191: US$0.66
• Tunisia — 35th of 191: US$0.65
• Azerbaijan — 36th of 191: US$0.65

What this measures

Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF divided by the GDP in constant 2021 US$.

Limitations: Global GHG emissions are currently not directly measurable, but approaches for their estimation exist, and numerous sources exist to supply data for this indicator. Reputable scientific organizations produce these data for use for research, policy analysis, climate negotiations, and broader public communications. The estimated accuracy from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes are quite high, as quantities of fossil fuels and other emissive materials (such as cement and steel) produced are well known. For these sectors, emissions estimates are roughly accurate to within 10% when aggregated to the global level and between 4% and 35% at the country level (Crippa et al., 2023).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average using gdp as weights.

All 51 values

Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP) in nearby economies

• American Samoa — US$0.000151 (2022)
• Australia — US$0.23 (2024)
• Cambodia — US$0.5 (2024)
• China — US$0.71 (2024)
• Fiji — US$0.27 (2024)
• French Polynesia — US$0.17 (2024)
• Guam — US$0.0000524 (2022)
• Hong Kong SAR, China — US$0.1 (2024)
• Indonesia

More environment data for Brunei Darussalam

• Rural population — 116,531 (2025)
• Rural population (% of total population) — 24.99% (2025)
• Urban population — 349,799 (2025)
• Urban population (% of total population) — 75.01% (2025)
• Aquaculture production (metric tons) — 1,310 (2024)
• Capture fisheries production (metric tons) — 16,387 (2024)
• Total fisheries production (metric tons) — 17,697 (2024)
• Rural population growth (annual %) — 0.33% (2025)
• Urban population growth (annual %) — 0.93% (2025)
• Agricultural land (sq. km)

Reading data like this

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Questions people ask

What is Brunei Darussalam's carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP)?

US$0.68 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1974?

It is up 144.49% from US$0.28 in 1974 (1.8% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was US$0.76 in 2021 and the lowest US$0.18 in 1979.

How does Brunei Darussalam rank?

33rd highest of 191 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per constant 2021 US$ of GDP) unusual for Brunei Darussalam?

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EN.GHG.CO2.RT.GDP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024; International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://edgar.j… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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