Brunei Darussalam: Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2024, Brunei Darussalam's carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $) fell 0.02 on 2023 (from 0.28 to 0.26).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.00316 and a typical year strayed about 0.02 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 0.07 in 2020 and the biggest yearly fall was 0.02 in 2010. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2015 to 2024 the straight-line trend is upward, about 0.00673 a year. A straight line explains 54% of the movement over 10 observed years.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2024, Brunei Darussalam had the 24th highest value of the 188 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Brunei Darussalam in the 2024 ranking

• Saudi Arabia — 20th of 188: 0.29
• United Arab Emirates — 21st of 188: 0.26
• Algeria — 22nd of 188: 0.26
• Jamaica — 24th of 188: 0.25
• Seychelles — 25th of 188: 0.25
• Malaysia — 26th of 188: 0.24

What this measures

Annual emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the six Kyoto greenhouse gases (GHG), from the agriculture, energy, waste, and industrial sectors, excluding LULUCF divided by the GDP in 2021 PPP $.

Limitations: Global GHG emissions are currently not directly measurable, but approaches for their estimation exist, and numerous sources exist to supply data for this indicator. Reputable scientific organizations produce these data for use for research, policy analysis, climate negotiations, and broader public communications. The estimated accuracy from fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes are quite high, as quantities of fossil fuels and other emissive materials (such as cement and steel) produced are well known. For these sectors, emissions estimates are roughly accurate to within 10% when aggregated to the global level and between 4% and 35% at the country level (Crippa et al., 2023).

Regional and income-group figures are computed by the World Bank as a weighted average using gdp as weights.

All 35 values

Carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $) in nearby economies

• Australia — 0.23 (2024)
• Cambodia — 0.16 (2024)
• China — 0.39 (2024)
• Fiji — 0.12 (2024)
• Hong Kong SAR, China — 0.07 (2024)
• Indonesia — 0.2 (2024)
• Japan — 0.17 (2024)
• Kiribati — 0.18 (2024)
• Korea, Rep. — 0.21 (2024)
• Lao PDR

More environment data for Brunei Darussalam

• Rural population — 116,531 (2025)
• Rural population (% of total population) — 24.99% (2025)
• Urban population — 349,799 (2025)
• Urban population (% of total population) — 75.01% (2025)
• Aquaculture production (metric tons) — 1,310 (2024)
• Capture fisheries production (metric tons) — 16,387 (2024)
• Total fisheries production (metric tons) — 17,697 (2024)
• Rural population growth (annual %) — 0.33% (2025)
• Urban population growth (annual %) — 0.93% (2025)
• Agricultural land (sq. km)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
• Data analysis examples: 6 worked from one dataset — 3 min read
• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Brunei Darussalam's carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $)?

0.26 in 2024, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1990?

It is up 79.59% from 0.14 in 1990 (1.74% a year on average, compounded). The highest value was 0.28 in 2021 and the lowest 0.14 in 1990.

How does Brunei Darussalam rank?

24th highest of 188 economies with data for 2024.

Is the latest change in carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $) unusual for Brunei Darussalam?

In 2024, Brunei Darussalam's carbon intensity of GDP (kg CO2e per 2021 PPP $) fell 0.02 on 2023 (from 0.28 to 0.26). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1994 to 2023), the average change was +0.00316 and a typical year strayed about 0.02 from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 1.1 standard deviations below that average, so it was larger than a typical year, though not out of the range seen before.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator EN.GHG.CO2.RT.GDP.PP.KD, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission, uri: https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/dataset_ghg2024, publisher: JRC European Commission, date published: 2024; International Energy Agency (IEA), uri: https://edgar.j… Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

Want to ask your own questions of data like this? Try AnalyzeIt: upload a file or ask about public data in plain words, and every figure comes with its working.