Brazil: Claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money)

Key figures

What the numbers say

In 2025, Brazil's claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money) rose 4.42 percentage points on 2024 (from 3.67% to 8.09%).

Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −2.84 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 16.23 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

On record, the biggest yearly rise was 346.94 percentage points in 1992 and the biggest yearly fall was 648.08 percentage points in 1994. The numbers show how large and when, not why; for the cause, look at what happened in that country in those years.

From 2016 to 2025 there is no clear straight-line trend: a straight line explains 11% of the movement over 10 observed years, so the value is moving around more than it is heading anywhere.

Worked out from the yearly values above. How the checks work: standard deviation, z-scores and straight-line trends.

How it compares

In 2025, Brazil had the 18th highest value of the 95 economies reporting that year. Higher is not always better: for some indicators the lowest value is the one to aim for. See the full ranking.

Closest to Brazil in the 2025 ranking

• Maldives — 14th of 95: 8.59%
• Egypt, Arab Rep. — 15th of 95: 8.59%
• Azerbaijan — 16th of 95: 8.4%
• Tunisia — 18th of 95: 7.95%
• Qatar — 19th of 95: 7.35%
• Nepal — 20th of 95: 7.06%

What this measures

Claims on central government include loans to central government institutions net of deposits. Broad money is the sum of all liquid financial instruments held by money-holding sectors that are widely accepted in an economy as a medium of exchange, plus those that can be converted into a medium of exchange at short notice at, or close to, their full nominal value. This indicator represents the annual percentage growth in the ratio of claims to broad money.

Limitations: Monetary accounts are derived from the balance sheets of financial institutions - the central bank, commercial banks, and nonbank financial intermediaries. Although these balance sheets are usually reliable, they are subject to errors of classification, valuation, and timing and to differences in accounting practices. For example, whether interest income is recorded on an accrual or a cash basis can make a substantial difference, as can the treatment of nonperforming assets. Valuation errors typically arise for foreign exchange transactions, particularly in countries with flexible exchange rates or in countries that have undergone currency devaluation during the reporting period.

All 62 values

Claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money) in nearby economies

• Antigua and Barbuda — -0.83% (2025)
• Argentina — 36.7% (2025)
• Aruba — -1.21% (2023)
• Bahamas, The — 3.53% (2023)
• Barbados — 0.03% (2023)
• Belize — 4.34% (2025)
• Bolivia — 14.71% (2025)
• Chile — 2.05% (2025)
• Colombia

More financial sector data for Brazil

• Domestic credit to private sector by banks (% of GDP) — 75.1% (2025)
• Net foreign assets (current LCU) — 1.26 trillion (2025)
• Broad money (current LCU) — 15.11 trillion (2025)
• Broad money (% of GDP) — 118.58% (2025)
• Broad money to total reserves ratio — 7.54 (2025)
• GDP deflator (base year varies by country) — 269.14 (2025)
• DEC alternative conversion factor (LCU per US$) — US$5.59 (2025)
• Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average) — US$5.59 (2025)
• Broad money (annual % growth) — 10.18% (2025)
• Inflation, GDP deflator (annual % growth)

Reading data like this

• Where to find free public data, and how to check it before you trust it — 2 min read
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• Real change or random noise? A plain guide to reading your numbers — 2 min read

Questions people ask

What is Brazil's claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money)?

8.09% in 2025, according to the World Bank (World Development Indicators).

How has it changed since 1961?

It is down 11.25 percentage points from 19.34% in 1961. The highest value was 889.67% in 1989 and the lowest -283.32% in 1984.

How does Brazil rank?

18th highest of 95 economies with data for 2025.

Is the latest change in claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money) unusual for Brazil?

In 2025, Brazil's claims on central government (annual growth as % of broad money) rose 4.42 percentage points on 2024 (from 3.67% to 8.09%). Across the 30 yearly changes before that (1995 to 2024), the average change was −2.84 percentage points and a typical year strayed about 16.23 percentage points from that (the standard deviation). This year's change was 0.4 standard deviations above that average, so it was an ordinary year: it sits within the range of normal year-to-year movement.

Source

World Bank, World Development Indicators, indicator FM.AST.CGOV.ZG.M3, licensed CC BY 4.0. Original source: International Financial Statistics database, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Figures are fetched from the World Bank API and refreshed monthly; see the series on data.worldbank.org. The full definition and method are in the World Bank's metadata glossary. Comparisons use the same World Bank release.

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